When Is Work For Rule Effective Essay - 2359 Words

1. When is work to rule effective? Work-to-rule is an industrial action where employees purposely follow all the rules in order to delay the progress of work and when workers perform their tasks exactly as they are required to do by their employment contract. Work to rule involves employees following the strict terms of their contract, by taking their work responsibilities exactly by contract and they refuse to step outside their duties. When employees execute work to rule, operations within the organization becomes slow which decreases productivity. Work to rule is most effective when employees continue to apply themselves in the performance of all their duties in a most thorough and meticulous manner as prescribed by the relevant employing authorities. For example, employees are given a contract where their tasks and duties are enlisted. You the employee may have been motivated to work because of who you are so you work overtime or perhaps do tasks that you’re not required to do. But because of a difficult or unreasonable supervisor who keeps pressuring you to work overtime or do something that you aren’t comfortable with, you (the employee) can apply the work to rule to get your point across. Being that work to rule would be used as a method of influencing negotiations without going on strike. What employees do is cover just their duties but do nothing on their own ingenuity Work to rule is also effective when workers do this collectively, being that it is a call forShow MoreRelatedThe Key Objective Of A Great Facilitator860 Words   |  4 Pagesthat make the group the most effective and efficient unit possible. However, this is not always the case. Building a team that flourishes in any situation can be a daunting endeavor. Many individuals unknowingly lack the skills necessary to be a great facilitator. Roger Schwarz (2002), has created nine ground rules for honing a more effective group. When these nine ground rules are applied and executed by a team, any facilitator will be able to produce a more effective and efficient group. FurthermoreRead MoreRules Of The Final Rule1020 Words   |  5 Pagesdirect final rule before the effective date. The agency may re†start the process by publishing a conventional proposed rule or decide to end the rulemaking process entirely.† (Office of the Federal Register) After the Final Rule The final rules must be published on the Code of Federal Regulations, and agencies must publish the changes in the final rule. The Code of Federal Regulations has all of the rules of the Federal government with current or future effect. The day the final rule is publishedRead More education Essay1222 Words   |  5 Pages Rather than emphasizing on maintaining discipline in a classroom, classroom management would be more appropriate for an effective teacher. Discipline has two significant limitations such that discipline highlights the individual rather than the classroom and secondly it connotes negative behavior (352). Whereas classroom management is broadly defined as â€Å"all of those positive behaviors and decisions a teacher makes to facilitate the learning process of their students† also reiterating all of thoseRead MoreA Brief Note On Work And Life Balance1695 Words   |  7 Pages Work and Life balance has become a consequential topic about a few decades ago up until today. Work-life balance was originally derived in the 1970’s to refer to the balance that exists in one’s professional life and personal one (Newman Matthews, 1999). In the past decade or so, there has sparked a curiosity in the work-life balance realm. 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In a court of law there are different rules that the judge can use when sentencing or convicting a person. The first type of rule is the literal rule. This rule is when the judge gives a sentence based on the law is it referringRead MoreLord of the Flies Legal Studies814 Words   |  4 PagesPart One: Why are rules necessary in our society? Laws and rules are important in our society as they serve as a norm of conduct. Rules ensure that social cohesion is kept. Social Cohesion is important as it maintains and preserves our principle moral, social, economic, and political values and establishes patterns of behaviour expected of members of the society. Every society needs rules (whether legal or not) to regulate behaviour, to provide guidelines of acceptable behaviour and to prevent conflictRead MoreSetting Up An Effective Classroom Environment1742 Words   |  7 Pages Setting up an effective classroom environment is essential in order to be a successful teacher. Good classroom management requires careful planning of the classroom organization, rules, procedures, and instruction. Without these, classrooms would not run smoothly and efficiently. It is not enough to assume that students will behave appropriately throughout the year just because the teacher has taught the students what is expected of them. Good teachers en courage good behavior by constantly implementingRead MoreObjective 310.2.3-08 Develop an Ethics Program Essay example1475 Words   |  6 Pageshave decided it would be appropriate to have an ethics program in place before we start offering services. A company must have an effective ethics program to ensure that all employees understand its values and comply with the policies and codes of conduct that create its ethical culture (Ferrell, Ferrell Fraedrich, 2008, p. 211). In order to develop an effective ethics program, it must contain certain items. 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Pet Adoption And Depression ( Cherney ) - 1531 Words

Pet Adoption and Depression Approximately 20.9 million adults in the United States are currently coping with depression or a mood or anxiety disorder, and this number is seemingly on the rise (Mental Disorders In America). It is becoming more and more likely for people in the United States to be diagnosed with depression or anxiety. However, this number only accounts for the number of individuals who choose to seek professional help or medical treatment, because many people are not even aware that they could be depressed. Most of the patients that are being treated are using a variety of different techniques and medicines to enhance their mood. Some of the most popular antidepressant medications that doctors are currently prescribing are†¦show more content†¦Simply petting a dog can noticeably lower an individual’s heart rate and blood pressure. Some studies even show that pet owners have slightly lower cholesterol than their peers who do not live with pets (Benjamin). Dogs’ positive infl uences on their owners’ health goes even deeper yet. Even though it seems absolutely irrational, there is evidence and studies that link dogs with detecting cancer. There are many reports of dog owners who claimed that their canine friends continuously licked or sniffed moles and lumps on their bodies that were found to be cancerous. As impossible as it seems, there is actual scientific evidence that states some dogs can smell cancer in the human body (Benjamin). While cancer is definitely terrible to find, early detection can make all the difference, and having a dog can be that difference. Not only can dogs cause their owners to be more active, but they can also save their lives. It is no secret that dogs long ago earned their label as â€Å"man’s best friend†. It only makes sense, considering that dogs have been owned by humans since ancient times. Pets are obviously great companions for just about anyone. However, for someone suffering from depression, anxiety, or another mood disorder, the companionship of a pet can be the only thing giving them happiness. Dogs are perfect for shy people who still seek

Asses the View That Pressure Groups Benefit Democracy Free Essays

Pressure groups have many features about them that determine whether they are democratic or undemocratic. If we have to determine whether Pressure Groups benefit democracy or not, we have to know what part they play in our society. As we know, pluralists have a very positive view on pressure group politics; believing that they promote healthy debate and discussion. We will write a custom essay sample on Asses the View That Pressure Groups Benefit Democracy or any similar topic only for you Order Now This is true in some aspects of society and our democracy, but pressure groups also have many undemocratic features about them. Firstly, the most important democratic feature of pressure groups is their way of representing the people in our society. Their main function is to represent our interests and those who are of minority, making sure that their voice gets heard, whether we take an active part or not. To demonstrate how representative they really are, in virtually all our activities, there is probably a group which is seeking to secure favourable legislation or decisions and to avoid unfavourable ones. However, some pressure group leaders may not truly represent their members. Trade union leaders were charged with this and it remains a danger. Furthermore, party politicians are made accountable for their actions through the electoral process and through representative institutions; which is seen as vey democratic. Pressure Group leaders are not accountable, which means that if they don’t fulfil their representative aims we can’t do anything about it which conveys that pressure groups are undemocratic. However, pressure groups are seen as very democratic when it comes to participation, and how they are making many more people partake in politics, and make politics more aware to people. A passive citizenship is often seen as an extreme danger to democracy; many people do not involve themselves in political activity; producing the strong probability that the government will become dictatorial, safe in that they know that they’re power will probably not get challenged. Pressure groups are therefore important because firstly they prevent excessive accumulations of power and to ensure that government remains accountable to the people. It is known that especially young people enjoy taking part in demonstrations which is evidence for pressure groups trying to get people more politically aware as active. However, pressure groups are queried as undemocratic; due to their disproportionate influence. Some pressure groups do not conform to democratic principles around the nature of influence. If all groups enjoyed the amount of influence which their size and importance warranted, the outcome might be considered democratic however, some groups wield more power that their relative importance. For example, the farming community accounts for a tiny proportion of the total population but farms are responsible for much of our food supply. Finally, pressure groups most important democratic feature is the fact that they make sure all of us, in small or large groups, are taken account of, awarded an equal status, and protected. If this does not work, we will simply be ruled by the majority, which ultimately means that nothing would change. Majority rule also, is not a true democracy. Seeking majority support, political parties will inevitably have to ignore the interests of many minorities. Pressure groups therefore play a very vital part in ensuring that party rule is not converted into tyranny and minority groups are heard. Another undemocratic factor however that can balance how democratic pressure groups really is their size and finance. It is clear that some pressure groups are considerably more wealthy than others, having an unfair advantage. Everyone from sectional interests inevitably gain funds whereas charities have to get their funds from the public. It is seen as undemocratic, because with particular wealthy groups, they have adopted the practice of donating money to political parties in order to seek a sympathetic government. An example of this is the event â€Å"cash for peerages† where it was alleged that money was being donated in return for peerages. Furthermore pressure groups size is seen as a very undemocratic factor because even though some pressure groups have a sheer amount of numbers to go on to protest, it does not always reflect the public opinion. For example, The ban on hunting with dogs for example, 300,000 took to the streets and put the government into panic. However, the majority of those people wanted a full ban on fox hunting. In conclusion, weighing up the democratic and undemocratic features, overall, pressure groups do benefit democracy. Firstly they promote healthy debate and discussion. Pressure groups have made many more people politically aware and have increased the amount of political participation through demonstrations, protest, marches and even petitions. They may even be the reason for the increase of election turnout in 2010 elections due to them making people more politically aware. Another way that pressure groups benefit democracy is their role of representation towards minorities as well as everyone in our society. Even though pressure groups do have some aspects to them that are seen as very undemocratic, pressure group politics is a very healthy way of strengthening our government. How to cite Asses the View That Pressure Groups Benefit Democracy, Essay examples

Manual Handling in the Health Care Sector free essay sample

This assignment seeks to discuss three key themes in relation to Manual handling in the health care sector and will describe the literature which supports this. This topic has been chosen as the handling of patients plays an important role in Health and Social care. NHS, (2010, p. 3) states that Manual handling is a core competency for staff caring for patients. This assignment will look at the importance of training that is required to ensure competent and safe use of equipment and the moving and handling of patients. Secondly this assignment will go on to describe how poor manual handling can affect Patients. There are many problems that can arise from incorrect manual handling, therefore this assignment will focus on the risk of pressure ulcers and will also describe what staff can do to help minimise this risk. Finally, this assignment will then look at how poor manual handling can affect staff, particularly concentrating on the risk of back injury and how Healthcare professionals can reduce this risk. There are many types of equipment used to assist patients in moving and it is crucial that staff receive the correct training and that they are aware of the equipment that is available.It is important that staff feel confident and competent when using equipment to ensure the safety of themselves and the Patient. If the incorrect manual handling techniques are performed this could lead to injury to the patient and carer and could result in patient discomfort and development of pressure ulcers, as well as back problems for the carer. The National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence, (NICE, 2003) states that training in pressure ulcer prevention should be given to all health care professionals.Training should involve the correct use of pressure relieving aids, knowledge of positioning to minimise risk and also have a clear understanding of the risks involved (NICE, 2003). Staff working for the NHS should have available access to a back care advisor (BCA), or a manual handling expert, who should arrange training where necessary (NHS, 2O1O). It is also imperative for staff to be up to date with current regulations so that the carer has a clear understanding of the implications of manual handling (Kozier et al. 2008).The Manual Handling Operations Regulations (1992) emphasises that manual handling should be avoided wherever possible to do so. It is important that manual handling should be avoided where there is a risk of injury to the Patient or the Carer. If this cannot be avoided then a full ergonomic risk assessment must be completed by the employer (Manual Handling Operations Regulations, 1992). Knowledge of risk assessment is important so that employers are able to assess and reduce risks of manual handling. In 2007 the HSE carried out a report to find out what constitutes effective manual handling training.The results showed that there was evidence that the most effective form of manual handling was ergonomic interventions (HSE, 2007). Practical fundamentals in training were found to strengthen learning, particularly if adapted to personal needs. It was found, that in order for manual handling training to be effective, training needs to be an ongoing process and reinforced with regular refresher courses (HSE, 2007). However, it was found that principles learnt during training are not always applied in the workplace. Poor manual handling can have a negative impact on a patient both physically and mentally.Chell (2003), states that patients are at high risk of injury from incorrect handling techniques. The National Back Pain Association (1998) supports this statement by proposing that poor manual handling techniques can lead to patients suffering from shoulder displacement, damaged nerves and tissue injuries. It has been reported that despite these facts, many nurses continue to use poor manual handling techniques. This has been put down to staff shortages, poor supervision and short supply of handling equipment (Kozier et al. 2008).Action needs to be taken to ensure that staff have access to adequate equipment and supervision to ensure patient safety. In a survey carried out by the Nursing times, it was said that two thirds of Nurses believed that shortage of equipment compromises patient safety (Ford, 2010). One problem which may arise from incorrect lifting techniques is the development of pressure ulcers. Effective moving and handling has a great role to play in the prevention of pressure ulcers and this is why training is so important (Hall, 2001). Inappropriate moving and handling techniques may result in skin damage.Pressure ulcers can be caused by pressure, friction and shear (NICE, 2003). For example, if a patient is dragged rather than lifted when using a slide sheet, this could cause friction and could potentially lead to skin damage. Consequently this could result in the Patient having to stay in hospital longer which could impact on a Patients psychological state. Nursing interventions play an important part in the reduction of pressure ulcers. A nurse can help to reduce the risk of pressure ulcers by promoting activity, carrying out skin inspections and assessments, and by using pressure relieving devices (Lynn, 2005). Some patients may fear being dropped when moved using equipment (Rogers, 1999), thus it is important for the Nurse to communicate with the patient, this way the Nurse can explain how the equipment works and the patient can express any concerns that they may have. It is important to remember that not all patients like lifting equipment and may feel uncomfortable, anxious and find it undignified (Rogers, 1999). Nurses are subject to wear and tear injuries from manoeuvring patients and the biggest risk and cost to nurses is back injury (Rogers, et al. 999). The Department of Health, 2004 (cited in Kozier 2008, p. 227) estimated that one in four nurses take time off work due to back injury. It is reported that nurses have around 30 percent more days off per year due to back pain than any other profession; this costs the NHS over ? 50 million a year through absence (Rogers, et al. 1999). As well as the cost implications to the NHS, this can lead to low morale as the loss of one member of staff can impact on the work load of others, which can cause stress to remaining staff.As well as pain and discomfort through back injury, back injury can have an impact on the individual’s psychological state and can lead to low self esteem and even depression. Providing manual handling aids and training are very important factors in helping to reduce the risk of back injury. However it is equally important for nurses to use manual handling aids, according to White, 1997 (cited in Rogers, et al. 1999, p. 206) nurses state that they don’t use manual handling equipment due do the patients dislike of equipment. However in more recent literature it is stated that nurses don’t have access to adequate equipment to use in assisting patients with moving (Ford, 2010). Back injury is a very common occurrence in nursing, but there are many measures that an individual can take to reduce the risk of developing back pain; this can be achieved by maintaining a good level of physical fitness, exercising regularly and having an understanding of body mechanics is important as this can help prevent spinal damage.Psychological factors, such as stress can also influence injury as this can cause muscles to tense up, if a member of staff is feeling stressed it is important for them to talk about their problems, meditation and yoga can also be beneficial and is said to help reduce stress (Mental health foundation, 2010). Staff can also help to reduce long-term risk by attending training sessions and following manual handling policies.If a worker does not feel confident in using equipment, they can contac t a BCA within the NHS who can provide appropriate training and information (NHS, 2O1O). To conclude, this assignment has addressed a number of significant issues regarding manual handling. After reviewing the current literature supporting Manual handling it is apparent that back injury is the most common type of illness amongst nursing staff and is associated with a high level of sickness absence, as a result this costs the NHS a staggering 50 million per year. Training is proven to be beneficial, with research showing that ergonomic intervention is the most beneficial in helping to reduce manual handling injuries, thus it is important that risk assessments are enforced in the work place. It was found that poor training can have a big impact on both patient and carer, with patients being at a much higher risk of developing pressure ulcers and the carer being at a much higher risk of developing back injury. It was also found that a big reason for not using equipment aids was due to there not being an adequate supply.